Using the multiple echo function, parking space detected more accurately in real parking environment. These method fail when there is no adjacent vehicles and in slanted parking situations where adjacent vehicle surfaces are not perpendicular to the heading directions of ultrasonic sensors [1] [4]. Another method is Parking slot Marking-based method. In this method vehicle mounted cameras, are used. It simply tracks the parking slot marking present on the road. The distance between point and line-segment is used to distinguish guideline from recognized marking line segments.
Once the guideline is successfully recognized, T- shape template matching easily recognizes dividing marking line-segments. This method fails where parking slot marking are not present [1] [5]. Scanning Laser Radar-Based system is implemented between vehicles to recognize free space parking slot. This system consist of range data preprocessing, corner detection, and target parking position designation. The major disadvantage of this system is the expensive price of the sensor [7].
PMD sensor allows referring to a large number of spatial point measurements detailed representing cuts of the observed scene [6]. So we moved onto Infrastructure based method. In this method, bird- eye view camera is used which helps to track the vacant Fig. Hierarchical tree structure of parking slot marking. The hierarchical tree coefficient.
These four types of parking slot markings J Si. This method detects and classifies corner rectangles formd by the ith slot Si and jyh slot Sj.
If this value is and produces junction by pairing two corners [1] [2]. AVM larger than a predetermined threshold T1 , two slots are image sequence is useful to recognize the parking slot considered as overlapped.
If there are overlapped slots then we marking. Various images generated by AVM camera, and by have to calculate Normalized average intensity value NAIV combining them empty parking slot is detected.
Parking slots of two slots and is given by are detected using Hierarchical tree structure. The corners are detected by the Harris corner dectector. Sometimes, parking slots overlapped in real time situation.
Homography is one-to-one relation Alaska, USA, pp. In this case, the transactions on intelligent transportation systems, vol. Rawat empty parking slots are determined. All [11] H. Ichihashi, A. Notsu, K. Honda, T. Katada, M. Ichihashi, T. Fujiyoshi, A. Sayanti Banerjee, Ms. Pallavi Choudekar, Prof. Loce, and Edgar A. Kamble has received his B. E degree in Electronics and Telecommunication from J. He is currently a postgraduate student of wireless communication and computing field with the department of Computer Technology, in Priyadarshini College of Engineering, from Nagpur University, Nagpur.
His research interests include Wireless Communication, Electronics and Telecommunication, Image processing. She is working as Asst. Related Papers. So water can be used to open or close II. As the water level rises or falls, different The water level in an overhead tank can be circuits in the controller send different signals.
The transducer is OFF the motor pump as per our requirements. A float is fitted with it in such a way that when the water comes Keywords: Water level, pump, microcontroller, down, the output of the transducer is higher than the control system, cost.
This HIGH output is fed to the driver and relay circuit as shown below. The relay I. Thus the motor and the pump technology of much production. Day after day the are, switched ON, filling water to the tank. In this process, when water level goes high ,the tank is population is increasing whereas the resources to meet the demand of the people are limited. So people almost full, the floats comes up such that the output voltage of the transducer becomes lower than the have to rely greatly on automatic control.
A control system therefore can be defined as a device, or set of reference voltage. Therefore the Schmitt trigger output devices, that manages commands, directs or changes to LOW state. Thereby the regulates the behavior of other device or system. Consequently, automatic controlling involves pump is stopped. The upper and lower level of water to designing a control system to function with minimal or be controlled in this process may be predetermined by selecting proper feedback resister in the Schmitt no human interference.
Intelligent systems are being used in a wide range of fields including from medical tagger circuit as explained in the experiment. As a very much important of the human life the proper distribution and reduction of the wastage of water is very important.
There are many ways of controlling the level of water. Conventional float system, various types of switching system such as pull-push switching system, relay system, using sensor as a level indicator.
In this project relay switching system was applied to automatic control the pump as well as water level. This device can be installed anywhere in a suitable place so that it can be monitored and necessary action can be taken if required.
The function of this device is to start Fig. It Offers saving of electricity and www. Length of arm Let diameter of the float be 2 inch and the arm is pivoted at 1 inch above the top of the tank. Then from the figure, cos 7. But clearance at two ends of the arm for pivot is taken Fig. Hence the length of arm is 9. Hence the diameter of the delivery pipe is 0.
Again, 1. Pressure acting on the bottom surface of the Fig. Pump display inch m level II. Base with tanks 1. Tap 2. Electrical Components for Water Level 5. Transistor, D 7. Stop Resistor 5k-three-each, 1k-two-each, k-one- each.
Rely, coil voltage: 12 volt Dc, contact current: 10Ac,contact Voltage : v ac- A. Head Vs Time curve for performance of the 01 project IV. Motor pump set V. Diode, D VI. D C power supply unit, 12 volt 0. Project Board IX. OP-AMP 0. D C voltmeter, 0. Adaptor 0. Saving of power If the rating of the pump is 0. To avoid the waste of seconds and monthly power consumption is 0.
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